The Hindu Vocabulary 19 Sep 2024

1. Lingua franca (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different.
• Meaning (Hindi): एक सामान्य भाषा जो विभिन्न मातृभाषा बोलने वालों के बीच अपनाई जाती है।
• Synonyms: Common language, bridge language
• Antonyms: Native language
• Example: English serves as a lingua franca in many international settings.
• Related Words: Lingual (Adjective), Linguist (Noun)

---

2. Imposition (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The action or process of imposing something, such as a rule or tax.
• Meaning (Hindi): किसी चीज़ को लागू करने की क्रिया या प्रक्रिया, जैसे नियम या कर।
• Synonyms: Enforcement, levy
• Antonyms: Removal, withdrawal
• Example: The imposition of new taxes sparked widespread protests.
• Related Words: Impose (Verb), Imposed (Adjective)

---

3. Diminish (Verb)  

• Meaning (English): To make or become less.
• Meaning (Hindi): कम करना या कम होना।
• Synonyms: Reduce, lessen
• Antonyms: Increase, amplify
• Example: The new policy aims to diminish the gap between rich and poor.
• Related Words: Diminution (Noun), Diminutive (Adjective)

---

4. Aspiration (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A hope or ambition of achieving something.
• Meaning (Hindi): किसी चीज़ को प्राप्त करने की आशा या महत्वाकांक्षा।
• Synonyms: Ambition, desire
• Antonyms: Apathy, indifference
• Example: Her aspiration to become a doctor motivated her studies.
• Related Words: Aspire (Verb), Aspirational (Adjective)

---

5. Proficiency (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A high degree of skill or competence.
• Meaning (Hindi): कौशल या दक्षता की उच्च डिग्री।
• Synonyms: Skillfulness, expertise
• Antonyms: Incompetence, ineptitude
• Example: Proficiency in English is essential for many jobs.
• Related Words: Proficient (Adjective), Proficiently (Adverb)

---

6. Marginalize (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or peripheral.
• Meaning (Hindi): किसी व्यक्ति, समूह, या अवधारणा को तुच्छ या बाहरी के रूप में मानना।
• Synonyms: Alienate, sideline
• Antonyms: Include, integrate
• Example: The policy may marginalize non-Hindi speakers.
• Related Words: Marginalization (Noun), Marginal (Adjective)

---

7. Disproportionate (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Too large or too small in comparison to something else; unequal.
• Meaning (Hindi): किसी अन्य चीज़ की तुलना में बहुत बड़ा या बहुत छोटा; असमान।
• Synonyms: Unequal, imbalanced
• Antonyms: Proportionate, balanced
• Example: The funding was disproportionately allocated to urban areas.
• Related Words: Disproportionately (Adverb), Disproportion (Noun)

---

8. Constitutional (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Relating to an established set of principles governing a state.
• Meaning (Hindi): एक राज्य को नियंत्रित करने वाले स्थापित सिद्धांतों से संबंधित।
• Synonyms: Legal, statutory
• Antonyms: Unconstitutional, illegal
• Example: The law was challenged on constitutional grounds.
• Related Words: Constitution (Noun), Constitutionality (Noun)

---

9. Neutrality (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The state of not supporting or helping either side in a conflict.
• Meaning (Hindi): किसी संघर्ष में किसी भी पक्ष का समर्थन या मदद न करने की स्थिति।
• Synonyms: Impartiality, non-alignment
• Antonyms: Bias, partisanship
• Example: The country maintained its neutrality during the war.
• Related Words: Neutral (Adjective), Neutrally (Adverb)

---

10. Cultural (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Relating to the ideas, customs, and social behavior of a society.
• Meaning (Hindi): किसी समाज के विचारों, रीति-रिवाजों और सामाजिक व्यवहार से संबंधित।
• Synonyms: Societal, ethnic
• Antonyms: Uncultural, non-cultural
• Example: The festival celebrates the cultural diversity of the region.
• Related Words: Culture (Noun), Culturally (Adverb)

---

11. Framework (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A basic structure underlying a system, concept, or text.
• Meaning (Hindi): किसी प्रणाली, अवधारणा, या पाठ के अंतर्गत एक बुनियादी संरचना।
• Synonyms: Structure, system
• Antonyms: Chaos, disorganization
• Example: The framework for the new policy was established last year.
• Related Words: Frame (Verb), Framing (Noun)

---

12. Advocate (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A person who publicly supports or recommends a particular cause or policy.
• Meaning (Hindi): एक व्यक्ति जो किसी विशेष कारण या नीति का सार्वजनिक रूप से समर्थन करता है।
• Synonyms: Supporter, champion
• Antonyms: Opponent, adversary
• Example: She is an advocate for children’s rights.
• Related Words: Advocacy (Noun), Advocating (Verb)

---

13. Subtle (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyze or describe.
• Meaning (Hindi): विश्लेषण या वर्णन करने में कठिन होने के लिए नाजुक या सटीक।
• Synonyms: Faint, understated
• Antonyms: Obvious, blatant
• Example: There was a subtle change in her tone.
• Related Words: Subtly (Adverb), Subtlety (Noun)

---

14. Flaws (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A mark, fault, or other imperfection that mars a substance or object.
• Meaning (Hindi): एक निशान, दोष, या अन्य कमी जो किसी पदार्थ या वस्तु को खराब करती है।
• Synonyms: Defects, shortcomings
• Antonyms: Strengths, virtues
• Example: The report highlighted several flaws in the system.
• Related Words: Flawed (Adjective), Flawless (Adjective)

---

15. Engagement (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The act of engaging or being engaged; involvement.
• Meaning (Hindi): संलग्न होने या संलग्न होने की क्रिया; भागीदारी।
• Synonyms: Involvement, participation
• Antonyms: Disengagement, detachment
• Example: Community engagement is vital for effective governance.
• Related Words: Engage (Verb), Engaging (Adjective)

---

16. Contextual (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Relating to or depending on the context.
• Meaning (Hindi): संदर्भ से संबंधित या उस पर निर्भर।
• Synonyms: Situational, circumstantial
• Antonyms: Abstract, isolated
• Example: The meaning of the word is contextual.
• Related Words: Context (Noun), Contextually (Adverb)

---

17. Implementation (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The process of putting a decision or plan into effect.
• Meaning (Hindi): किसी निर्णय या योजना को लागू करने की प्रक्रिया।
• Synonyms: Execution, enforcement
• Antonyms: Abandonment, neglect
• Example: The implementation of the new policy will begin next month.
• Related Words: Implement (Verb), Implementing (Adjective)

---

18. Critique (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A detailed analysis and assessment of something.
• Meaning (Hindi): किसी चीज़ का विस्तृत विश्लेषण और मूल्यांकन।
• Synonyms: Review, evaluation
• Antonyms: Praise, approval
• Example: The critique of the film was published in the magazine.
• Related Words: Critic (Noun), Critical (Adjective)

---

19. Discourse (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Written or spoken communication or debate.
• Meaning (Hindi): लिखित या मौखिक संचार या बहस।
• Synonyms: Discussion, dialogue
• Antonyms: Silence, reticence
• Example: The discourse on climate change is becoming more urgent.
• Related Words: Discursive (Adjective), Discoursing (Verb)