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The Hindu Vocabulary 13 Mar 2025

1. Incendiary (Adjective)

  • Meaning (English): Designed to cause fire or conflict
  • Meaning (Hindi): आग या विवाद भड़काने वाला
  • Synonyms: Inflammatory, provocative, seditious
  • Antonyms: Conciliatory, calming
  • Example: His incendiary speech led to widespread protests.
  • Related Words: Incendiarism (Noun), Incendiarily (Adverb)

2. Perfunctory (Adjective)

  • Meaning (English): Done with minimal effort or reflection
  • Meaning (Hindi): औपचारिकता के लिए किया गया
  • Synonyms: Superficial, careless, indifferent
  • Antonyms: Thorough, meticulous
  • Example: He gave a perfunctory nod before leaving.
  • Related Words: Perfunctorily (Adverb), Perfunctoriness (Noun)

3. Subjugation (Noun)

  • Meaning (English): Bringing under control by force
  • Meaning (Hindi): अधीनता या गुलामी
  • Synonyms: Domination, oppression, enslavement
  • Antonyms: Liberation, emancipation
  • Example: The subjugation of indigenous tribes lasted centuries.
  • Related Words: Subjugate (Verb), Subjugated (Adjective)

4. Unassailable (Adjective)

  • Meaning (English): Impossible to dispute or attack
  • Meaning (Hindi): अभेद्य या अडिग
  • Synonyms: Indisputable, invincible, unquestionable
  • Antonyms: Vulnerable, weak
  • Example: The scientist’s theory was based on unassailable evidence.
  • Related Words: Unassailably (Adverb)

5. Vilification (Noun)

  • Meaning (English): Speaking ill of someone
  • Meaning (Hindi): बदनाम करने की क्रिया
  • Synonyms: Defamation, slander, denigration
  • Antonyms: Praise, commendation
  • Example: The media’s vilification of the actor was unfair.
  • Related Words: Vilify (Verb), Vilified (Adjective)

6. Exonerate (Verb)

  • Meaning (English): To clear from blame
  • Meaning (Hindi): दोषमुक्त करना
  • Synonyms: Absolve, acquit, vindicate
  • Antonyms: Convict, incriminate
  • Example: The court exonerated him after reviewing new evidence.
  • Related Words: Exoneration (Noun)

7. Recalcitrant (Adjective)

  • Meaning (English): Resistant to authority
  • Meaning (Hindi): हठी या आज्ञा न मानने वाला
  • Synonyms: Defiant, uncooperative, rebellious
  • Antonyms: Compliant, obedient
  • Example: The recalcitrant teenager refused to follow the rules.
  • Related Words: Recalcitrance (Noun)

8. Quagmire (Noun)

  • Meaning (English): A difficult or complex situation
  • Meaning (Hindi): कठिन परिस्थिति
  • Synonyms: Predicament, dilemma, entanglement
  • Antonyms: Solution, clarity
  • Example: The country found itself in a political quagmire.
  • Related Words: Quaggy (Adjective)

9. Enervate (Verb)

  • Meaning (English): To weaken or drain energy
  • Meaning (Hindi): शक्तिहीन करना
  • Synonyms: Exhaust, fatigue, debilitate
  • Antonyms: Energize, invigorate
  • Example: The extreme heat enervated the workers.
  • Related Words: Enervation (Noun)

10. Obfuscate (Verb)

  • Meaning (English): To make something unclear or confusing
  • Meaning (Hindi): उलझाना या अस्पष्ट बनाना
  • Synonyms: Confuse, obscure, muddle
  • Antonyms: Clarify, simplify
  • Example: The lawyer tried to obfuscate the truth.
  • Related Words: Obfuscation (Noun), Obfuscatory (Adjective)

11. Lugubrious (Adjective)

  • Meaning (English): Looking or sounding sad and dismal
  • Meaning (Hindi): अत्यधिक दुखी या उदास
  • Synonyms: Mournful, melancholy, sorrowful
  • Antonyms: Cheerful, jubilant
  • Example: His lugubrious expression dampened the mood.
  • Related Words: Lugubriously (Adverb), Lugubriousness (Noun)

12. Dissuade (Verb)

  • Meaning (English): Persuade someone not to do something
  • Meaning (Hindi): रोकने के लिए समझाना
  • Synonyms: Discourage, deter, prevent
  • Antonyms: Persuade, encourage
  • Example: His friends dissuaded him from quitting his job.
  • Related Words: Dissuasion (Noun), Dissuader (Noun)

13. Panacea (Noun)

  • Meaning (English): A universal solution to all problems
  • Meaning (Hindi): रामबाण इलाज
  • Synonyms: Cure-all, remedy, elixir
  • Antonyms: Problem, affliction
  • Example: There is no panacea for corruption in politics.
  • Related Words: Panacean (Adjective)

14. Vacillate (Verb)

  • Meaning (English): To waver between different opinions
  • Meaning (Hindi): असमंजस में होना
  • Synonyms: Hesitate, oscillate, fluctuate
  • Antonyms: Decide, resolve
  • Example: He vacillated between taking the job or going abroad.
  • Related Words: Vacillation (Noun), Vacillatory (Adjective)

15. Debacle (Noun)

  • Meaning (English): A sudden failure or disaster
  • Meaning (Hindi): पराजय या विफलता
  • Synonyms: Catastrophe, fiasco, collapse
  • Antonyms: Success, triumph
  • Example: The company faced a financial debacle.
  • Related Words: Debacled (Adjective)

16. Ruminate (Verb)

  • Meaning (English): To think deeply about something
  • Meaning (Hindi): गहराई से विचार करना
  • Synonyms: Ponder, contemplate, reflect
  • Antonyms: Ignore, disregard
  • Example: He ruminated on the consequences of his decision.
  • Related Words: Rumination (Noun)

17. Ineffable (Adjective)

  • Meaning (English): Too great to be expressed in words
  • Meaning (Hindi): अवर्णनीय
  • Synonyms: Indescribable, inexpressible, transcendent
  • Antonyms: Expressible, definable
  • Example: The beauty of the sunrise was ineffable.
  • Related Words: Ineffably (Adverb)

18. Mellifluous (Adjective)

  • Meaning (English): Sweet-sounding and pleasant
  • Meaning (Hindi): मधुर
  • Synonyms: Harmonious, euphonious, melodious
  • Antonyms: Harsh, discordant
  • Example: Her mellifluous voice enchanted the audience.
  • Related Words: Mellifluously (Adverb)

19. Acrimonious (Adjective)

  • Meaning (English): Bitter or harsh in speech or behavior
  • Meaning (Hindi): कटु या उग्र
  • Synonyms: Hostile, caustic, scathing
  • Antonyms: Friendly, amicable
  • Example: The debate turned acrimonious quickly.
  • Related Words: Acrimony (Noun), Acrimoniously (Adverb)

20. Ubiquitous (Adjective)

  • Meaning (English): Present everywhere
  • Meaning (Hindi): सर्वव्यापी
  • Synonyms: Omnipresent, pervasive, universal
  • Antonyms: Rare, scarce
  • Example: Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society.
  • Related Words: Ubiquity (Noun)

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