The Hindu Vocabulary 02 Feb 2025

1. Consensus (Noun)

• Meaning (English): General agreement among a group of people.
• Meaning (Hindi): सर्वसम्मति
• Synonyms: Agreement, unanimity, harmony
• Antonyms: Disagreement, conflict, discord
• Example (in a sentence): The committee reached a consensus on the policy change.
• Related Words: Consensual (Adjective), Consensually (Adverb)

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2. Rebuttal (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A counterargument or contradiction.
• Meaning (Hindi): खंडन
• Synonyms: Refutation, counterstatement, denial
• Antonyms: Confirmation, agreement, endorsement
• Example (in a sentence): The lawyer presented a strong rebuttal to the accusation.
• Related Words: Rebut (Verb)

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3. Bureaucracy (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A system of government or management with many rules and procedures.
• Meaning (Hindi): नौकरशाही
• Synonyms: Administration, hierarchy, management
• Antonyms: Anarchy, disorganization, informality
• Example (in a sentence): Excessive bureaucracy often delays project approvals.
• Related Words: Bureaucratic (Adjective)

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4. Impetus (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The force or energy that makes something happen.
• Meaning (Hindi): प्रेरणा
• Synonyms: Momentum, stimulus, drive
• Antonyms: Hindrance, deterrent, obstacle
• Example (in a sentence): The new policy gave impetus to economic reforms.
• Related Words: Impetuous (Adjective)

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5. Expedient (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Convenient and practical but possibly improper or immoral.
• Meaning (Hindi): सुविधाजनक
• Synonyms: Convenient, advantageous, beneficial
• Antonyms: Unfavorable, unfeasible, unsuitable
• Example (in a sentence): They found an expedient solution to the problem.
• Related Words: Expediency (Noun), Expediently (Adverb)

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6. Obsolete (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): No longer in use or outdated.
• Meaning (Hindi): अप्रचलित
• Synonyms: Outdated, antiquated, old-fashioned
• Antonyms: Modern, current, relevant
• Example (in a sentence): The company phased out obsolete technologies.
• Related Words: Obsolescence (Noun), Obsoletely (Adverb)

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7. Vindicate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To clear someone of blame or suspicion.
• Meaning (Hindi): निर्दोष सिद्ध करना
• Synonyms: Justify, exonerate, absolve
• Antonyms: Accuse, convict, blame
• Example (in a sentence): The evidence vindicated him of any wrongdoing.
• Related Words: Vindication (Noun), Vindicative (Adjective)

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8. Protracted (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Lasting for a long time or longer than usual.
• Meaning (Hindi): लंबित
• Synonyms: Prolonged, extended, drawn-out
• Antonyms: Brief, short, concise
• Example (in a sentence): The negotiations turned into a protracted process.
• Related Words: Protract (Verb), Protraction (Noun)

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9. Intrinsic (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Belonging naturally; essential.
• Meaning (Hindi): आंतरिक
• Synonyms: Inherent, innate, fundamental
• Antonyms: Extrinsic, external, superficial
• Example (in a sentence): Creativity is intrinsic to the design process.
• Related Words: Intrinsically (Adverb)

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10. Mitigation (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The act of making something less severe.
• Meaning (Hindi): उपशमन
• Synonyms: Alleviation, reduction, relief
• Antonyms: Aggravation, intensification, worsening
• Example (in a sentence): The government focused on mitigation of environmental damage.
• Related Words: Mitigate (Verb), Mitigative (Adjective)

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11. Epitome (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A perfect example of something.
• Meaning (Hindi): प्रतीक
• Synonyms: Embodiment, exemplar, representation
• Antonyms: Antithesis, opposite, deviation
• Example (in a sentence): She is the epitome of professionalism.
• Related Words: Epitomize (Verb)

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12. Retaliate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To respond to an attack or injury with a similar action.
• Meaning (Hindi): प्रतिशोध लेना
• Synonyms: Revenge, avenge, counterattack
• Antonyms: Forgive, pardon, reconcile
• Example (in a sentence): The army retaliated with a stronger offensive.
• Related Words: Retaliation (Noun), Retaliatory (Adjective)

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13. Equitable (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Fair and impartial.
• Meaning (Hindi): निष्पक्ष
• Synonyms: Fair, just, impartial
• Antonyms: Biased, unfair, unequal
• Example (in a sentence): The resources were distributed in an equitable manner.
• Related Words: Equity (Noun), Equitably (Adverb)

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14. Reclusive (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Avoiding the company of others.
• Meaning (Hindi): एकांतप्रिय
• Synonyms: Solitary, withdrawn, introverted
• Antonyms: Sociable, outgoing, extroverted
• Example (in a sentence): He became reclusive after retiring from public life.
• Related Words: Recluse (Noun), Reclusiveness (Noun)

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15. Surveillance (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Close observation, especially of a suspect or criminal.
• Meaning (Hindi): निगरानी
• Synonyms: Observation, monitoring, scrutiny
• Antonyms: Neglect, disregard, carelessness
• Example (in a sentence): The area is under constant surveillance.
• Related Words: Surveillant (Adjective)

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16. Adversity (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Difficulties or misfortune.
• Meaning (Hindi): विपत्ति
• Synonyms: Hardship, misfortune, trouble
• Antonyms: Prosperity, advantage, success
• Example (in a sentence): He overcame adversity through determination.
• Related Words: Adverse (Adjective), Adversely (Adverb)

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17. Monopoly (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Exclusive control over a commodity or service.
• Meaning (Hindi): एकाधिकार
• Synonyms: Domination, control, exclusivity
• Antonyms: Competition, democracy, plurality
• Example (in a sentence): The company has a monopoly on local utilities.
• Related Words: Monopolize (Verb)

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18. Facilitation (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The act of making a process easier.
• Meaning (Hindi): सुविधा प्रदान करना
• Synonyms: Assistance, promotion, simplification
• Antonyms: Obstruction, hindrance, complication
• Example (in a sentence): The project focused on facilitation of online services.
• Related Words: Facilitate (Verb), Facilitator (Noun)

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19. Skepticism (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A skeptical attitude; doubt as to the truth.
• Meaning (Hindi): संशयवाद
• Synonyms: Doubt, disbelief, mistrust
• Antonyms: Belief, certainty, trust
• Example (in a sentence): His skepticism about the plan was evident.
• Related Words: Skeptical (Adjective), Skeptically (Adverb)

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20. Consolidation (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The process of making something stronger or more solid.
• Meaning (Hindi): एकीकरण
• Synonyms: Strengthening, unification, integration
• Antonyms: Separation, division, fragmentation
• Example (in a sentence): The consolidation of smaller firms led to a stronger industry.
• Related Words: Consolidate (Verb), Consolidative (Adjective)