The Hindu Vocabulary 19 Jan 2025

1. Catalyse (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To cause or accelerate a reaction or process.
• Meaning (Hindi): उत्प्रेरित करना
• Synonyms: Activate, Accelerate, Trigger
• Antonyms: Inhibit, Block
• Example: His speech catalysed a wave of reform across the country.
• Related Words: Stimulate, Spark

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2. Immutable (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Unchanging over time or unable to be changed.
• Meaning (Hindi): अपरिवर्तनीय
• Synonyms: Fixed, Permanent, Unalterable
• Antonyms: Changeable, Flexible
• Example: The laws of physics are considered immutable.
• Related Words: Constant, Enduring

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3. Disseminate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To spread widely, especially information.
• Meaning (Hindi): प्रचार करना
• Synonyms: Distribute, Circulate, Propagate
• Antonyms: Conceal, Suppress
• Example: The organization worked to disseminate knowledge about health care.
• Related Words: Spread, Broadcast

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4. Pragmatism (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A practical approach to problems and affairs.
• Meaning (Hindi): व्यवहारवाद
• Synonyms: Practicality, Realism, Sensibility
• Antonyms: Idealism, Impracticality
• Example: His pragmatism helped the company navigate through the crisis.
• Related Words: Practicality, Rationality

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5. Esoteric (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Intended for or understood by a small group with specialized knowledge.
• Meaning (Hindi): गूढ़
• Synonyms: Mysterious, Cryptic, Obscure
• Antonyms: Clear, Common
• Example: The professor’s lecture was too esoteric for the average student.
• Related Words: Abstract, Exclusive

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6. Altruism (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Selfless concern for the well-being of others.
• Meaning (Hindi): परोपकारिता
• Synonyms: Selflessness, Generosity, Benevolence
• Antonyms: Selfishness, Greed
• Example: Her altruism was evident in her numerous charitable activities.
• Related Words: Philanthropy, Kindness

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7. Ephemeral (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Lasting for a very short time.
• Meaning (Hindi): क्षणिक
• Synonyms: Brief, Temporary, Transient
• Antonyms: Eternal, Permanent
• Example: The fame of the actor proved to be ephemeral.
• Related Words: Short-lived, Fleeting

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8. Inadvertent (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning.
• Meaning (Hindi): अनजाने में
• Synonyms: Accidental, Unintentional, Unplanned
• Antonyms: Intentional, Deliberate
• Example: The error was the result of inadvertent oversight.
• Related Words: Incidental, Uncalculated

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9. Onerous (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Involving a great deal of effort or difficulty.
• Meaning (Hindi): कष्टदायक
• Synonyms: Burdensome, Heavy, Troublesome
• Antonyms: Light, Easy
• Example: Managing such a large team is an onerous responsibility.
• Related Words: Arduous, Strenuous

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10. Deference (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Humble submission and respect.
• Meaning (Hindi): सम्मान
• Synonyms: Respect, Reverence, Regard
• Antonyms: Disrespect, Disdain
• Example: He showed deference to his mentor by following his advice.
• Related Words: Admiration, Esteem

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11. Incisive (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Clear and direct; sharp in thought or expression.
• Meaning (Hindi): पैना
• Synonyms: Penetrating, Insightful, Perceptive
• Antonyms: Vague, Ambiguous
• Example: Her incisive analysis impressed the entire team.
• Related Words: Acute, Sharp

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12. Salient (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Most noticeable or important.
• Meaning (Hindi): प्रमुख
• Synonyms: Prominent, Conspicuous, Significant
• Antonyms: Minor, Inconspicuous
• Example: The salient features of the proposal were discussed in detail.
• Related Words: Key, Crucial

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13. Nefarious (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Wicked or criminal.
• Meaning (Hindi): दुष्ट
• Synonyms: Evil, Sinister, Vile
• Antonyms: Good, Virtuous
• Example: The villain’s nefarious plans were foiled by the hero.
• Related Words: Malicious, Atrocious

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14. Reticent (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Not revealing one’s thoughts or feelings readily.
• Meaning (Hindi): संकोची
• Synonyms: Reserved, Quiet, Restrained
• Antonyms: Outspoken, Open
• Example: He remained reticent about his personal life.
• Related Words: Introverted, Silent

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15. Vacillate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To waver between different opinions or actions.
• Meaning (Hindi): हिचकिचाना
• Synonyms: Hesitate, Fluctuate, Falter
• Antonyms: Decide, Persist
• Example: She vacillated between choosing science or arts for her major.
• Related Words: Oscillate, Waver

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16. Vigilant (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Keeping careful watch for possible danger.
• Meaning (Hindi): सतर्क
• Synonyms: Alert, Watchful, Attentive
• Antonyms: Careless, Inattentive
• Example: The security guard was vigilant throughout the night.
• Related Words: Observant, Mindful

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17. Amorphous (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Lacking a clear structure or focus.
• Meaning (Hindi): आकारहीन
• Synonyms: Shapeless, Formless, Undefined
• Antonyms: Structured, Defined
• Example: His plan was too amorphous to be implemented effectively.
• Related Words: Indeterminate, Nebulous

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18. Conflate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To combine two or more things into one.
• Meaning (Hindi): मिश्रित करना
• Synonyms: Merge, Blend, Fuse
• Antonyms: Separate, Divide
• Example: The report conflates fact and opinion.
• Related Words: Unite, Mix

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19. Dogma (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A principle or set of principles laid down by an authority.
• Meaning (Hindi): सिद्धांत
• Synonyms: Doctrine, Creed, Belief
• Antonyms: Doubt, Skepticism
• Example: The party’s dogma was strictly adhered to by its members.
• Related Words: Tenet, Principle

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20. Egregious (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Outstandingly bad or shocking.
• Meaning (Hindi): भयानक
• Synonyms: Appalling, Horrific, Outrageous
• Antonyms: Minor, Trivial
• Example: His egregious error cost the company millions.
• Related Words: Atrocious, Flagrant