The Hindu Vocabulary 04 September 2024

1. Retribution (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Punishment inflicted on someone as vengeance for a wrong or criminal act.
• Meaning (Hindi): प्रतिशोध
• Synonyms: Revenge, retaliation, recompense
• Antonyms: Forgiveness, pardon
• Example: The government faced backlash for its retribution against dissenters.
• Related Words: Retributive (Adjective), Retributory (Adjective)

2. Denigrate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To criticize unfairly; to disparage.
• Meaning (Hindi): निंदा करना
• Synonyms: Belittle, slander, defame
• Antonyms: Praise, commend
• Example: It is unjust to denigrate someone based on their background.
• Related Words: Denigration (Noun), Denigratory (Adjective)

3. Impunity (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Exemption from punishment or freedom from the injurious consequences of an action.
• Meaning (Hindi): दंड से मुक्ति
• Synonyms: Immunity, exemption
• Antonyms: Accountability, liability
• Example: The corrupt officials acted with impunity.
• Related Words: Impune (Verb), Impunitively (Adverb)

4. Sacrosanct (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with.
• Meaning (Hindi): अछूत
• Synonyms: Sacred, inviolable
• Antonyms: Profane, unholy
• Example: The constitution is considered sacrosanct by the citizens.
• Related Words: Sacrosanctity (Noun)

5. Exacerbate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To make a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse.
• Meaning (Hindi): बढ़ाना
• Synonyms: Aggravate, intensify
• Antonyms: Alleviate, mitigate
• Example: The new policy may exacerbate the existing issues.
• Related Words: Exacerbation (Noun), Exacerbative (Adjective)

6. Dichotomy (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A division or contrast between two things that are represented as being opposed or entirely different.
• Meaning (Hindi): द्वंद्व
• Synonyms: Contrast, division
• Antonyms: Similarity, unity
• Example: There is a clear dichotomy between the rich and the poor.
• Related Words: Dichotomous (Adjective)

7. Condemnation (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The expression of very strong disapproval; censure.
• Meaning (Hindi): निंदा
• Synonyms: Censure, denunciation
• Antonyms: Approval, praise
• Example: The condemnation of the act was swift and unanimous.
• Related Words: Condemn (Verb), Condemnatory (Adjective)

8. Vigilance (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.
• Meaning (Hindi): सतर्कता
• Synonyms: Alertness, watchfulness
• Antonyms: Negligence, inattentiveness
• Example: The community showed great vigilance during the protests.
• Related Words: Vigilant (Adjective), Vigilantly (Adverb)

9. Reprimand (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A rebuke, especially an official one.
• Meaning (Hindi): फटकार
• Synonyms: Rebuke, admonition
• Antonyms: Praise, commendation
• Example: He received a reprimand for his unprofessional behavior.
• Related Words: Reprimand (Verb), Reprimanding (Noun)

10. Perpetuate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To make something, typically an undesirable situation or an unfounded belief, continue indefinitely.
• Meaning (Hindi): स्थायी बनाना
• Synonyms: Sustain, maintain
• Antonyms: Eliminate, eradicate
• Example: The media can sometimes perpetuate stereotypes.
• Related Words: Perpetuation (Noun), Perpetual (Adjective)

11. Censure (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To express severe disapproval of someone or something, typically in a formal statement.
• Meaning (Hindi): निंदा करना
• Synonyms: Criticize, reprimand
• Antonyms: Praise, commend
• Example: The senator faced censure for his remarks.
• Related Words: Censorship (Noun), Censurable (Adjective)

12. Disparage (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To regard or represent as being of little worth.
• Meaning (Hindi): तुच्छ समझना
• Synonyms: Belittle, deprecate
• Antonyms: Praise, honor
• Example: It’s unwise to disparage others’ achievements.
• Related Words: Disparagement (Noun), Disparaging (Adjective)

13. Infringe (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To actively break the terms of a law, agreement, etc.
• Meaning (Hindi): उल्लंघन करना
• Synonyms: Violate, breach
• Antonyms: Comply, obey
• Example: The new law may infringe on personal freedoms.
• Related Words: Infringement (Noun), Infringing (Adjective)

14. Abrogate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To repeal or do away with a law, right, or formal agreement.
• Meaning (Hindi): निरस्त करना
• Synonyms: Revoke, annul
• Antonyms: Enact, establish
• Example: The government decided to abrogate the controversial law.
• Related Words: Abrogation (Noun), Abrogative (Adjective)

15. Obfuscate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To deliberately make something unclear or difficult to understand.
• Meaning (Hindi): अस्पष्ट करना
• Synonyms: Confuse, obscure
• Antonyms: Clarify, elucidate
• Example: The politician tried to obfuscate the truth with vague statements.
• Related Words: Obfuscation (Noun), Obfuscatory (Adjective)

16. Cognizant (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Having knowledge or being aware of.
• Meaning (Hindi): जानकार
• Synonyms: Aware, conscious
• Antonyms: Unaware, ignorant
• Example: She was cognizant of the risks involved in the project.
• Related Words: Cognizance (Noun)

17. Incumbent (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility.
• Meaning (Hindi): अनिवार्य
• Synonyms: Obligatory, mandatory
• Antonyms: Optional, unnecessary
• Example: It is incumbent upon leaders to act ethically.
• Related Words: Incumbency (Noun)

18. Proliferate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To increase rapidly in numbers; multiply.
• Meaning (Hindi): तेजी से बढ़ना
• Synonyms: Multiply, escalate
• Antonyms: Decrease, diminish
• Example: Technology continues to proliferate at an astonishing rate.
• Related Words: Proliferation (Noun), Proliferative (Adjective)

19. Ambivalence (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The state of having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone.
• Meaning (Hindi): द्विविधा
• Synonyms: Uncertainty, indecision
• Antonyms: Certainty, decisiveness
• Example: Her ambivalence towards the project made it difficult to proceed.
• Related Words: Ambivalent (Adjective)

20. Abridge (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To shorten a text without losing the essential meaning.
• Meaning (Hindi): संक्षिप्त करना
• Synonyms: Condense, shorten
• Antonyms: Expand, lengthen
• Example: The editor decided to abridge the article for clarity.
• Related Words: Abridgment (Noun), Abridged (Adjective)