The Hindu Vocabulary 06 Feb 2025

1. Bottleneck (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A point of congestion or blockage in a system
• Meaning (Hindi): अवरोध
• Synonyms: Obstruction, impediment, constraint
• Antonyms: Free-flow, clearance, passage
• Example: The lack of skilled workers is a major bottleneck in the industry.
• Related Words: Constriction, hindrance

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2. Precarious (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to collapse
• Meaning (Hindi): अनिश्चित
• Synonyms: Unstable, risky, insecure
• Antonyms: Safe, stable, secure
• Example: His financial situation remains precarious.
• Related Words: Precariously (Adverb)

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3. Convoluted (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Extremely complex and difficult to follow
• Meaning (Hindi): जटिल
• Synonyms: Complicated, intricate, tangled
• Antonyms: Simple, straightforward, clear
• Example: The politician gave a convoluted response to avoid answering the question.
• Related Words: Complexity, perplexing

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4. Expropriate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To take possession of something for public use
• Meaning (Hindi): हड़पना
• Synonyms: Confiscate, seize, appropriate
• Antonyms: Return, restore, surrender
• Example: The government expropriated the land for highway construction.
• Related Words: Expropriation (Noun)

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5. Defenestration (Noun)

• Meaning (English): The act of throwing someone out of a window
• Meaning (Hindi): खिड़की से बाहर फेंकना
• Synonyms: Expulsion, ejection, removal
• Antonyms: Admission, acceptance, inclusion
• Example: The CEO’s sudden resignation was akin to corporate defenestration.
• Related Words: Eject, overthrow

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6. Fissure (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A long, narrow opening or crack
• Meaning (Hindi): दरार
• Synonyms: Crack, split, crevice
• Antonyms: Closure, seal, junction
• Example: The earthquake caused deep fissures in the ground.
• Related Words: Fragmentation, rupture

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7. Furtive (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Secretive, attempting to avoid notice
• Meaning (Hindi): गुप्त
• Synonyms: Sneaky, clandestine, stealthy
• Antonyms: Open, honest, transparent
• Example: He cast a furtive glance at the security guard before slipping away.
• Related Words: Secretive, covert

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8. Impunity (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Exemption from punishment or consequences
• Meaning (Hindi): दंडमुक्ति
• Synonyms: Immunity, exemption, privilege
• Antonyms: Accountability, liability, punishment
• Example: Corrupt officials often act with impunity.
• Related Words: Unaccountability, indemnity

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9. Juxtaposition (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Placing things side by side for comparison
• Meaning (Hindi): समांतरता
• Synonyms: Contrast, adjacency, proximity
• Antonyms: Separation, distance, isolation
• Example: The juxtaposition of old and modern architecture is striking.
• Related Words: Juxtapose (Verb)

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10. Onerous (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Burdensome, involving heavy obligations
• Meaning (Hindi): कष्टदायक
• Synonyms: Difficult, strenuous, demanding
• Antonyms: Easy, effortless, light
• Example: The new regulations imposed an onerous burden on businesses.
• Related Words: Onerousness (Noun)

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11. Quandary (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A state of uncertainty or doubt
• Meaning (Hindi): दुविधा
• Synonyms: Dilemma, predicament, uncertainty
• Antonyms: Solution, certainty, clarity
• Example: He was in a quandary over whether to accept the job offer.
• Related Words: Confusion, perplexity

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12. Recalcitrant (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Stubbornly resistant to authority
• Meaning (Hindi): हठी
• Synonyms: Defiant, rebellious, uncooperative
• Antonyms: Compliant, obedient, submissive
• Example: The recalcitrant teenager refused to follow school rules.
• Related Words: Recalcitrance (Noun)

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13. Ubiquitous (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Present everywhere at once
• Meaning (Hindi): सर्वव्यापी
• Synonyms: Omnipresent, pervasive, universal
• Antonyms: Rare, scarce, uncommon
• Example: Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern life.
• Related Words: Ubiquity (Noun)

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14. Venerate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To regard with deep respect
• Meaning (Hindi): सम्मान देना
• Synonyms: Revere, admire, respect
• Antonyms: Disrespect, despise, ridicule
• Example: Many people venerate Mahatma Gandhi for his principles.
• Related Words: Veneration (Noun)

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15. Zealous (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Showing great enthusiasm and passion
• Meaning (Hindi): उत्साही
• Synonyms: Passionate, fervent, dedicated
• Antonyms: Apathetic, indifferent, disinterested
• Example: He was zealous in his efforts to complete the project.
• Related Words: Zeal (Noun), Zealously (Adverb)

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16. Lurid (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Shockingly vivid or sensational
• Meaning (Hindi): भड़कीला
• Synonyms: Gaudy, exaggerated, gruesome
• Antonyms: Subtle, restrained, modest
• Example: The newspaper featured lurid details of the scandal.
• Related Words: Sensational, grotesque

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17. Aberrant (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Deviating from the norm
• Meaning (Hindi): असामान्य
• Synonyms: Anomalous, irregular, abnormal
• Antonyms: Normal, typical, conventional
• Example: His aberrant behavior raised concerns among his peers.
• Related Words: Aberration (Noun)

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18. Deference (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Respectful submission to authority
• Meaning (Hindi): सम्मान
• Synonyms: Respect, regard, obedience
• Antonyms: Disrespect, defiance, insubordination
• Example: He spoke with deference to the judge.
• Related Words: Deferential (Adjective)

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19. Levity (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Lack of seriousness
• Meaning (Hindi): हल्कापन
• Synonyms: Lightheartedness, humor, frivolity
• Antonyms: Gravity, seriousness, solemnity
• Example: His levity during the meeting was inappropriate.
• Related Words: Levitate (Verb)

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20. Trepidation (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A feeling of fear or anxiety
• Meaning (Hindi): भय
• Synonyms: Apprehension, dread, unease
• Antonyms: Confidence, calm, assurance
• Example: She entered the dark room with trepidation.
• Related Words: Tremor, fear