The Hindu Vocabulary 03 September 2024

1. Fortitude (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Strength of mind that enables a person to endure pain or adversity.
• Meaning (Hindi): साहस
• Synonyms: Courage, resilience
• Antonyms: Cowardice, weakness
• Example: She showed great fortitude during the crisis.
• Related Words: Fortitudinous (Adjective)

2. Acrimonious (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Angry and bitter in speech or tone.
• Meaning (Hindi): तीखा
• Synonyms: Caustic, rancorous
• Antonyms: Harmonious, amicable
• Example: The debate turned acrimonious as tempers flared.
• Related Words: Acrimony (Noun)

3. Inundate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To overwhelm someone with things or people to be dealt with.
• Meaning (Hindi): बाढ़ आना
• Synonyms: Flood, overwhelm
• Antonyms: Drain, deplete
• Example: The office was inundated with requests after the announcement.
• Related Words: Inundation (Noun)

4. Diligent (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Showing care and effort in one’s work or duties.
• Meaning (Hindi): मेहनती
• Synonyms: Hardworking, industrious
• Antonyms: Lazy, negligent
• Example: She is a diligent student who always completes her assignments.
• Related Words: Diligence (Noun)

5. Amicable (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Characterized by friendliness and absence of discord.
• Meaning (Hindi): मित्रवत
• Synonyms: Friendly, cordial
• Antonyms: Hostile, unfriendly
• Example: They reached an amicable agreement after negotiations.
• Related Words: Amicability (Noun)

6. Retribution (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Punishment inflicted on someone as vengeance for a wrong or criminal act.
• Meaning (Hindi): प्रतिशोध
• Synonyms: Revenge, recompense
• Antonyms: Forgiveness, pardon
• Example: The criminal received swift retribution for his actions.
• Related Words: Retributive (Adjective)

7. Surveillance (Noun)

• Meaning (English): Close observation, especially of a suspected spy or criminal.
• Meaning (Hindi): निगरानी
• Synonyms: Monitoring, observation
• Antonyms: Neglect, disregard
• Example: The area was under constant surveillance by the police.
• Related Words: Surveil (Verb)

8. Conundrum (Noun)

• Meaning (English): A confusing and difficult problem or question.
• Meaning (Hindi): पहेली
• Synonyms: Puzzle, dilemma
• Antonyms: Solution, answer
• Example: The lack of resources created a conundrum for the organization.
• Related Words: Conundrums (Plural)

9. Vicarious (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Experienced in the imagination through the feelings or actions of another person.
• Meaning (Hindi): परोक्ष
• Synonyms: Indirect, substitute
• Antonyms: Direct, primary
• Example: She took vicarious pleasure in her friend’s success.
• Related Words: Vicariously (Adverb)

10. Proliferate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To increase rapidly in numbers; multiply.
• Meaning (Hindi): तेजी से बढ़ना
• Synonyms: Multiply, expand
• Antonyms: Decrease, diminish
• Example: The technology began to proliferate in the market.
• Related Words: Proliferation (Noun)

11. Cognizant (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Having knowledge or awareness.
• Meaning (Hindi): जागरूक
• Synonyms: Aware, informed
• Antonyms: Unaware, ignorant
• Example: He is cognizant of the challenges ahead.
• Related Words: Cognizance (Noun)

12. Ambivalent (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone.
• Meaning (Hindi): दोधारी
• Synonyms: Uncertain, conflicted
• Antonyms: Certain, definite
• Example: She felt ambivalent about moving to a new city.
• Related Words: Ambivalence (Noun)

13. Mitigate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To make less severe, serious, or painful.
• Meaning (Hindi): कम करना
• Synonyms: Alleviate, reduce
• Antonyms: Aggravate, intensify
• Example: Measures were taken to mitigate the impact of the disaster.
• Related Words: Mitigation (Noun)

14. Ostensible (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Stated or appearing to be true, but not necessarily so.
• Meaning (Hindi): दिखावटी
• Synonyms: Apparent, superficial
• Antonyms: Genuine, real
• Example: His ostensible reason for leaving was unconvincing.
• Related Words: Ostensibly (Adverb)

15. Plausible (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Seeming reasonable or probable.
• Meaning (Hindi): संभाव्य
• Synonyms: Credible, believable
• Antonyms: Implausible, improbable
• Example: She offered a plausible explanation for her behavior.
• Related Words: Plausibility (Noun)

16. Disseminate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To spread or disperse information widely.
• Meaning (Hindi): फैलाना
• Synonyms: Distribute, circulate
• Antonyms: Withhold, suppress
• Example: The organization aims to disseminate information about health.
• Related Words: Dissemination (Noun)

17. Exacerbate (Verb)

• Meaning (English): To make a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse.
• Meaning (Hindi): बढ़ाना
• Synonyms: Aggravate, intensify
• Antonyms: Alleviate, reduce
• Example: The new policies may exacerbate existing inequalities.
• Related Words: Exacerbation (Noun)

18. Ubiquitous (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Present, appearing, or found everywhere.
• Meaning (Hindi): सर्वव्यापी
• Synonyms: Omnipresent, pervasive
• Antonyms: Rare, scarce
• Example: Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society.
• Related Words: Ubiquity (Noun)

19. Retrospective (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Looking back on or dealing with past events or situations.
• Meaning (Hindi): पूर्वदृष्टि
• Synonyms: Reflective, nostalgic
• Antonyms: Prospective, forward-looking
• Example: The exhibition was a retrospective of the artist’s work.
• Related Words: Retrospection (Noun)

20. Culpable (Adjective)

• Meaning (English): Deserving blame.
• Meaning (Hindi): दोषी
• Synonyms: Blameworthy, guilty
• Antonyms: Innocent, blameless
• Example: The investigation found him culpable for the accident.
• Related Words: Culpability (Noun)